by Sharlet J. McClurkin
Writing her book, THE ABSORBENT MIND, in the 1950's prior to current brain research, Dr. Maria Montessori obviously and amazingly was nearly fifty years ahead of her time. She said,
There are many who hold, as I do, that the most important period of life is not the age of university studies, but the first one, the period from birth to the age of six. For that is the time when man's intelligence itself, his greatest implement, is being formed. But not only his intelligence; the full totality of his psychic powers. (AM 22)
Brain research today is one of the most exciting fields of scientific study, as exemplified in the February 3, 1997 , article in the TIME Magazine, “How A Child's Brain Develops.” After reading this article, early childhood educators can now say, “I told you so,” because we have known all along that the first few years of life shape the adult who is becoming. J. Madeline Nash reports: “A baby's brain cells…shape a lifetime of experience. The first three years are critical.” (TIME, p. 48) Speaking to the May, 1995, Montessori Institute of America conference in Des Moines , WA , Dr. Jane Healy, author of Your Child's Growing Mind , said, “I have found nothing significantly inconsistent in the writings of Dr. Montessori about the child as compared with my research on the brain.” Not only did Montessori envision a new type of education for young children, she had the insight to understand the profound significance of the period of early development: “The greatness of the human personality begins at the hour of birth.” (AM p. 4)
Below I will outline some comparisons between her view of the child's brain and the results of research as gleaned from the TIME Magazine, and Your Child's Growing Mind by Dr. Jane Healy, 1987.
Montessori |
Time Magazine |
Healy |
| Children possess great inner
powers. (AM3) |
Neural activity begins in the womb 10 weeks after conception. (T48) |
At birth the brain already contains most of its billions of nerve cells, but these neurons must become organized into systems for perception, thinking and remembering. (H18)
|
| Nerve cells develop before the
organs they will direct. (AM53) |
The rhythmic firing of neurons is not a by-product of building the brain but essential to its process. (T50 ) |
|
| First 2 years are the most
important (AM4) |
First 3 years are critical. (T48) |
|
He has in himself potentialities which determine his development. (AM57) |
Brain contains all the nerve cells it will ever have but has to stabilize. (T50) |
|
Education is the unfolding of inborn psychic powers. (AM4) |
Genes control the unfolding of the brain. (T53) |
Although we can certainly stimulate development of cell networks when they are ready, many aspects of growth cannot be rushed. (H27) |
The germ cell contains the heredity of all past ages. (AM38) |
|
|
He incarnates in himself all in the world about him that his eyes and his ears hear. (AM62) |
Nurture is important, but nurture works through nature. (T54) |
Each child weaves his own intellectual tapestry, the quality of which may depend on active interest and involvement in a wide variety of stimuli. (H19) |
The infant in arms has far greater mental energies than is usually imagined. (AM15) |
Over the first few months, the brain explodes with new synapses as normal adult. (T54)
By 2 the brain contains 2x synapses as normal adult (T54)
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|
In the space of 18 years, she has passed in very truth from the Stone Age to the atomic era. (AM59) |
Growing brain has exceptional flexibility and resilience. (T54) |
|
He inherits the power of constructing a language by an unconscious activity of absorption. (AM59) |
What wires the brain is repeated experience. (T54) |
|
The child does not “remember” sounds, but he incarnates them, and then can produce them to perfection. (AM63) |
At 12 months the speech centers are ready to produce the first word. (T54) |
The sensory aspects of play can be linked with
Soothing, pleasant and interesting sounds inspire curiosity and a receptive attitude toward language…
Simple repetitive nursery rhymes, songs, and loving words, help make children eager listeners. (H35) |
I hold that many regressive tendencies are due to a lack of the vital urge which guides the child to make his social adaptation. (AM81) |
When brain does not receive the right information, it can be devastating. (T54) |
|
The mother's care…is closely connected with an awakening in the newborn. (AM78) |
Parents are the brain's first and most important teachers. (T54) |
For this type of learning (knowledge and ability to manipulate it mentally), parents are the first and best teachers. (H48) |
By the age of 3, the child has already laid down the foundations of his personality as a human being…(AM7) |
Children who are abused early in life develop brains tuned to danger. (T55) |
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All that we ourselves are has been made by the child…we were in the first 2 years… (AM6)
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If the child is prevented from enjoying these experiences at the very time when nature has planned…the special sensitivity will vanish… (AM95) |
Critical, sensitive periods, or “windows” demand certain input in order to stabilize. (T55)
|
The brain grows in a series of spurts during which it becomes more receptive to teaching and learning. (H86) |
He shapes the organs that enable him to frame the words. (A23) |
Language skills unfold according to strict, biologically defined timetable. (T55) |
…the part of the brain responsible for hand move-ments in writing is very close to the one which organizes the mouth and tongue around speech. (H277) |
The child's growth consists of many parts, all of them following a fixed order…(AM72) |
Potential is encoded in genes, but experiences must be etched in early critical years. (T56) |
We now know that a child's experiences interact with the developmental schedule of the nervous system. (H71) |
The education of the newly born becomes suddenly of the first importance. (A13) |
Good child care is essential brain food for the next generation. (T56)
|
Research shows that personal interactions praise security and self-confidence are powerful factors in children's memory development. (H220)
…studies have shown that warm, loving verbal interactions between parent or caretaker and child are of particular importance in the first two years. (H22) |
For we find in the newborn our own hidden nature. (AM23) |
CREB amplifier links development before birth to later processes. ,l(T53) |
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He is a toiler, and the aim of his work is to make a man. (AM17) |
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Remind yourself that children are not by nature lazy. (H98)
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His work is to fashion a man in the fullness of his strength. (AM30) |
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Movements are fixed and proceed out of a particular period of development. (AM17 |
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…movement, particularly stimulation by rocking, is essential for the development of part of the cerebellum and the vestibular system…(H29) |
We can see the impressive similarities among all three sources, with, however, a spiritual profundity evident in the writings of Montessori.
We should help the child…because he is endowed with great creative energies, which are of their nature so fragile as to need a loving and intelligent defense. (AM28)
The beauty and dynamism of her words inspire us as, perhaps, no others except Scripture.
Finally, she draws strong conclusions and implications for parents and educators today:
The discovery that the child has a mind able to absorb on its own account produces a revolution in education…This is the new path on which education has been put; to help the mind in its process of development, and aid its energies and strengthen its many powers. (AM28)